Rainwater harvesting refers to the collection and concentration of rainfall for both domestic and agricultural purpose. Rainwater harvesting can be classified as micro catchment, macro catchment or floodwater harvesting on catchment size and run off transfer distances. " Click on the button below to start the assessment:
Water catchment details:
Catchment details:
Annual Rainfall Explanation
Annual rainfall is the total rainfall received over a year. It is a crucial factor in determining the water availability for irrigation.
Catchment Area Explanation
Catchment area refers to the area from which water is collected. Larger catchment areas generally provide more water for irrigation.
Catchment/Cropping Area Ratio Explanation
The catchment/cropping area ratio indicates the proportion of catchment area to the cropping area, impacting water availability and distribution.
Rainfall Pattern Explanation
Rainfall pattern describes how rainfall is distributed throughout the year, which affects planning and management of irrigation systems.
Catchment Topography Explanation
Catchment topography refers to the physical characteristics of the catchment area, such as flat, alluvial plain, or rugged surface, influencing water flow and retention.
Runoff Coefficient Explanation
The runoff coefficient indicates the fraction of rainfall that will become surface runoff. It varies based on soil type, land use, and slope.
Slope Explanation
Slope refers to the incline of the land surface. It affects water runoff and erosion, with steeper slopes typically leading to faster water flow.
Catchment Surface Explanation
Catchment surface refers to the condition of the surface within the catchment area, such as untreated, treated, or often cleared and treated. This impacts runoff and water quality.
Labour Availability Explanation
Labour availability indicates the amount of workforce available for managing and maintaining the irrigation system. It can vary from low to high.
Landscape Scale Explanation
Landscape scale refers to the spatial extent of the irrigation system, ranging from watershed to district level, household to community level, or household level at a local scale.
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Recommendations
Considering the size of your catchment area and the recurring issue of seasonal flooding, adopting Flood water diversion can efficiently utilize excess water for irrigation and groundwater recharge, ensuring sustainable water management
Flood water diversion involves collecting and storing temporary stream flow to irrigate crops, fodder, and trees, as well as recharge groundwater.
This process typically covers a considerable catchment area, often spanning several kilometres
In regions where evaporation surpasses rainfall, floodwater harvesting systems offer a means to efficiently utilize water during flood occurrences.
Flood Water Harvesting
Characteristics
Covers long distance catchments of up to several kilometres far from the cropping area
Runoff water is stored and subsequently diverted with in the system
Ideal in gentle slope.
simplicity
Cost intensive and continuous maintenance
conveyance
Ephemeral flow is Channelled in to irrigated crops, fodder and trees or ground water recharge
Techniques
Flood water diversion, Spate irrigation, gully reclamation
Storage
Soil profile, Ground water recharge,
Jessour, permeable rock dams
Merits
Runoff of water can be harvested from a remote long slope catchments
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Recommendations
As per your input, the recommended method is Macro-catchment RWH (runoff water harvesting)
Macro-catchment RWH runoff water harvesting comprises rainwater catchment, a conveyance system, a storage structure, and a target area.
They produce high runoff volume & predominance turbulent runoff flow. Here the runoff volume is collected external to the point of water storage and has relatively large catchment areas with a ratio of catchment to cropping area ranging 10:1-100:1.
Some common examples include open ponds, cisterns, sand dams, and spate irrigation.
Macro Catchment Water Harvesting
Characteristics
Runoff is collected from a large natural catchment (slope or a mountain). Water diverted from hillsides, pasture land, forests. It is characterized by a predominance turbulent flow. Runoff water is stored on external reservoirs.
Simplicity
Relatively labor and cost-intensive.
Conveyance
Conveyance is needed to transfer runoff from the catchment area to the target area.
Runoff can either be stored on the soil profile, used for groundwater recharge, or collected in reservoirs for later use.
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Recommendations
As per your input, the recommended method is Micro catchment RWH (runoff water harvesting)
Micro catchment RWH also refers to water harvesting by collecting surface runoff from a small catchment area and storing it in the root zone of an adjacent infiltration basin that is often planted with a tree, a bush or with annual crops.
Examples include, Pitting, terracing, micro basins, contour bunds, contour ridges, and stone bunds
These structures can be also installed by small holder farmers without necessarily the need for external support. They have usually a catchment to cropping area ratio ranging from 1:1 to 25:1.
Micro Catchment Water Harvesting
Characteristics
Run off is collected from a small catchment area and transferred in to adjacent infiltration basin or is stored on soil profile. Cropping area could be planted also with trees , bushes, or annual crops. It is characterized by sheet or rill flow
Suitable for most crops.
simplicity
Simple to design and easily adaptable
conveyance
conveyance is not required as the soil serves as a reservoir for moisture .
Techniques
Small planting pits, micro basins, Semi-circular bunds, eye brow terraces, Stone bunding.
Storage
Soil moisture, Pits, trenches and plant bunds.
Merits
Farmers have control over the system since this technique is conducted with in their farm
High run off coefficient
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